A pivotal battle between the Persian Empire and the Greek city-state of Athens. The Greeks, led by Miltiades, successfully repelled the Persian invasion, marking a turning point in the Greco-Persian Wars.

Alexander the Great faced Persian King Darius III in this decisive battle, leading to the fall of the Achaemenid Empire. Alexander's victory solidified his control over the Persian Empire.

A battle during the Second Punic War where Hannibal of Carthage defeated a much larger Roman army using brilliant tactics, particularly the double envelopment, causing one of the greatest military losses in Roman history.

A significant battle between the Roman Empire and the Visigoths, where the Visigoths, led by Fritigern, defeated the Roman army and killed Emperor Valens. It marked a turning point in the decline of the Roman Empire.

The naval battle between the forces of Octavian (later Emperor Augustus) and Mark Antony and Cleopatra. Octavian's victory led to the end of the Roman Republic and the beginning of the Roman Empire.